How to treat English Foxhound suffering from urolithiasis? Canine urolithiasis refers to a condition in which the condensation of crystallized inorganic salts (or organic salts) in the urinary tract irritates the urinary tract mucosa and causes bleeding, inflammation and obstruction. Diseases of urinary organs.
Canine urolithiasis is one of the most common urinary organ diseases in outpatient clinics. If there are no clinical symptoms such as frequent urination, hematuria, anuria or dysuria, urolithiasis can go unnoticed for a long time and is only discovered during occasional X-ray examinations.
There are many types of canine urolithiasis, which can be divided into the following types according to their components:
Phosphate stones (accounting for about 60% of canine urinary stones)
Ammonium urate stones (accounting for 2% to 8% of canine urinary stones)
Cystine stones (accounting for 2.4%~3.3% of urinary stones in the United States and about 39% of urinary stones in Europe)
Calcium oxalate stones (accounting for 6%~10% of urinary stones)
Silicate stones (accounting for 2%~8% of urinary stones)
Xanthine stones and carbonate stones. Rarely seen in dogs.
Canine urolithiasis can be divided into kidney stones, ureteral stones, bladder stones and urethral stones according to the location of the uroliths.
This disease is more common in older dogs, and has an obvious familial tendency; miniature schnauzers, dachshunds, spotted dogs, Maltese dogs, bulldogs, Welsh kirk dogs, and larger harriers Dogs and Basset hounds have a higher incidence of stones than other breeds of dogs due to metabolic disorders. Poodles, Labrador retrievers, German shepherds, boxers and mutts have fewer urinary stones. Cystamine stones in Dachshunds and Basset Hounds are caused by a genetically linked defect in renal tubular transport. Spotted dogs have multiple urate stones because dogs of this breed cannot decompose the intermediate metabolite xanthine into allantoin, but excrete it in the form of uric acid.
When urethral stones occur, the urethral obstruction is usually pushed retrogradely back into the bladder to temporarily relieve symptoms. In medicine, ultrasonic lithotripsy can also be used. Surgical treatment is the preferred treatment method. Retrograde irrigation can be performed first to make the urethral obstruction flow back into the bladder to avoid urethrotomy, and then cystotomy can be performed to remove the stones in the bladder. Because there are many urinary stones and urinary tract infections, antibiotics should be used to treat the affected animals and make them drink more water (feed wet dog food, add salt to drinking water and dog food, and feed corresponding prescription food to reduce the substances that form stones. Regulate urine pH To avoid salt precipitation, determine the dosage of acidifying agent (ammonium chloride) or alkalinizing agent (sodium bicarbonate) by regularly testing urine pH. In the case of calcium phosphate and magnesium ammonium phosphate stones, strive to make the urine slightly acidic. While In the case of urate and cystine stones, it makes the urine slightly alkaline. Allopurinol can inhibit xanthine oxidase and prevent the oxidation of hypoxanthine to form uric acid through xanthine, thus preventing the formation of urate stones. .
